HC Surgical Specialists Limited (1B1.SI)

HC Surgical Specialists Limited debut on SGX Catalist on 3 Nov 2016 at $0.55 despite an IPO price of $0.27.

HC Surgical Specialists is a a medical services group primarily focusing on endoscopic procedures through a network of 12 clinics in Singapore. These clinics are distributed across heartlands and also in major private hospitals. In addition, the company has entered into a MOU with an independent party to provide training and consultancy at Transport Hospital in Vietnam. Their specialist surgeons will be registered to practice at the hospital and help set up a day surgery and endoscopy centre, thereby securing the exclusive rights to perform surgical and endoscopic procedures for a period of time.

Rational for Purchase

Bought this stock hastily on 6 Jan 2017 to take advantage of the $0.018 declared dividend. At my purchase price of $0.625, it is a 2.88% dividend yield - good for a growth and healthcare stock. I had only analyzed this stock retrospectively (flouting the rules, need to reflect on myself). Besides the attractive dividend for a healthcare stock, this stock caught my attention due to its similarity to another successful IPO by Singapore O&G, attaining multi-bagger returns.

• Both are companies related to healthcare, though Singapore O&G focuses another field
• Both had IPO price in the $0.20-$0.30 range
• Both trading at P/E in excess of 30
• Both declares dividend
• Singapore O&G traded in the $0.60 range when it first debut

With these similarities, I am hoping HC Surgical Specialist will replicate the price trajectory as well. 

On a more fundamental basis, HC Surgical is good due to the following reasons.

• Singapore is an ageing society, with more need for healthcare
• Specialist medical services
• Entry into Vietnam with clear business outlook

This is a superficial comparison that I should be ashamed of, but since my Buy Order was unexpectedly triggered, why not I publish this here as a record. 

Financial Performance

I had briefly looked through the half year financial statement before the purchase. With a quick peek, I gulped at the bottom line, with a 98.5% drop. I knew there was an IPO expense but did not have the time to add it back to compare. Now that it is the weekend, let's sit down and go through the numbers.

IPO expense was $1.258M. Adding it back to profit before income tax, it comes up to $1.357M - still 15% lower than the previous year. I factored in an increase tax expense to reach end profit of $1.357M. With outstanding shares post-IPO of 146,311,530. The EPS comes up to $0.0075 for the half year ended 30 Nov 2016.

Assuming consistent earning at the second half, the P/E at $0.625 is a whopping 42 - really going against my usual theme of value investing.

The declared dividend policy is to pay out 70% of its profit. With my estimated EPS of $0.015, the dividend payout is nearly 120% of profit. So this $0.018 dividend essentially has some parts coming out of the IPO proceed and I should not expect this rich a dividend in the future.

Maybe I have been pessimistic since finance costs will likely go down in subsequent quarters. New subsidiaries will boost earnings (with a chance expenses outpace it) and entry into Vietnam presents growth. But overall, I had find my purchase rather risky and not entirely based on fundamentals. Rather, it is speculative based on my comparison to Singapore O&G. In addition, HC Surgical had declared that "operating environment of the medical industry to remain challenging in the next 12 months..." 

However, a buy is a buy and I will like to see this stock still emulating the trend of Singapore O&G for a better Goat Year!

My Stock Holdings (March 2016)

After a long wait, I can finally sit down and count my gains for the month of March! With the Singapore stock market in the doldrums for the first two months, there were finally some rebound even though I did not enter anything prior to it. However, as I also did not let go of any stock, it meant my portfolio clawed back some gains.

This also highlighted how investing is actually advantageous to constant trading. According to this article, missing just the best ten days of S&P in the period between 1993-2013 will cost the investor a 3.8% drop in annualized returns. While many will argue that trading is better as one can let go of stocks at the highest and buyback at a lower point, I can assuredly say that I neither have the skills nor the time. Hence, as a student and eventually a working adult, passive investing will still be the way to go.

On the matter of dividends, I received a total of $227.42 for the month of March. This amount was disbursed from HPH Trust, SingPost and Karin Tech. Hence for the first three months, the total dividends received comes up to $261.57, a little over a quarter of my dividend goal this year.

Also, I had bought GLP on 31 Mar 2016 for a cost of $1.955. A little high, but through the average of valuation methods which I may subsequently write about,  the fair value price of GLP I came up with was actually $2.42. Coupled with GIC being the majority shareholder, I feel that there is some merit to the purchase of GLP. With the addition of GLP, the breakdown of my portfolio is shown below. Let's hope 2016 is a good year for all in the stock market =)

My Stock Holdings (February 2016)

Whew, busy month with Design Project, FYP Presentation, projects, tutorials, midterms. For record sake's, I have come online to record this short entry of my stock holdings in February. Whilst the market condition is still bad, there is a restoration of stability and hence marginal growth.

In the month of February, Keppel Reit has declared a dividend of $0.0168 per share. I chose to reinvest this dividend through the DRP. While filling up the form, I realised that I can allocate the shares I own to either 1) Receive the cash dividend OR 2) Receive new shares. Knowing this, I can allocate some of my share to receive cash dividend while still receiving the same number of new shares. This is possible because there can be no shares lower than 1 and is thus rounded down. Might as well use this spare shares to receive the cash dividend! The amount is not huge, but I hate to give away free money.

Therefore, the first dividend I received this year will be $34.15. The start to my $1000 dividend aim for this year. Below is my stock holdings at the end of February. Noticeably, HPH Trust has fallen in overall value to stand below Keppel Reit.

PS: I finally found a job!

My Stock Holdings (January 2016)

Below is my portfolio distribution for the first month of 2016. Here's to a better investing future for the rest of the year! 

From the start of this year till end of January, the main movement was me selling Bank of Ireland in favor of Karin Tech. The sale of Bank of Ireland was triggered by the disappointing lack of positive push to the stock. Though the economy for Ireland and Europe had been improving for a while now, with stable dividend on the way, it had not translated into positive movement for the stock. The premise of me buying Bank of Ireland back in 2014 was based on the improving economy in Ireland as well as the improving of the bank's balance sheet. Both events happened without any significant price increase. Hence by referring to my buying motivation, I had realised holding the stock by this point, meaningless. This also serves as a good lesson for readers out there that when buying stocks, remember to write down your reasons for writing it. Periodically review it to see that the reasons are still valid and if the reasons are not valid anymore, consider selling it. 

Following the previous post about Karin Tech, I have decided to add the stock into my portfolio for the strength of management, resilient earning power, advantageous foreign exchange and good dividend. However, from the announcement from the company on Wednesday, I might have misjudged the strength of the business itself. Profits from Karin Tech plunged approximately 80% due to softening consumer electronics product. I had reservations about that section of business due to the low economic moat, but I did not expect it to drop so much. Nevertheless, a dividend of 0.05 HKD translate to a half year dividend yield of 3%. This is sufficient for me to consider holding it for longer periods of time. A warning to any investors though, the stock had fallen below the 3-year low of $0.285. Hence, a short term investor may have problem holding it. 

HPH Trust has also announced their results recently with a drop of dividend. A constant worry of mine is the huge debt of HPH Trust. Though HPH Trust has good dividends in the past years, the stock price drops along with the dividend and I wonder if the dividends/business is sustainable in the long year. I will be reviewing this stock with more spare time. 

SingPost announced marginal growth in profit despite higher revenue. It is really frustrating that profit does not grow proportionally with revenue. Logistics can be a lower margin business. However, having waited over 2 years for profit catch up, it does not appear to be happening. Management guided that "transformation" is finalizing and it is time to reap its fruits of labor. With the departure of Wolfgang Baier, I really wonder how the company is going to fare in the future. If not for my wonderful entry price, I may have sold this stock already. Perhaps I sound salty, but the downgrade from OCBC is infuriating. Within a quarter, the bank has conveniently slashed $0.82 off the target price of SingPost. While details has been lacking for the justification of the new TP, I find it unbelievable that the cut is so much within a quarter. Makes me wonder do the research house just see.... "heyyyy, the current trades so far from our TP. I think it's time to cut it nearer to current price to stay relevant." Also, I don't see eye to eye with people stating that dividend has increased from 1.25 cents to 1.5 cents. This is because it had been declared by SingPost since 1 year ago and should have been factored into stock price long ago. Don't mislead potential investors.

-End of whinings-

With the removal of Bank of Ireland, my portfolio has transformed into a full dividend machine and I hope I can meet my dividend target this year. The Year of Monkey should be good to people born in the Year of Goat and I hope it is true! So Happy Chinese New Year all! Have a prosperous year ahead!!

My Stock Holdings (June)

June has been a busy period for me as I was busy packing stuff to go back to Singapore. It seemed that this month has been a volatile month due to the effect of Greece flirtation with the possibility of default.

ST Eng's price was pushed to a low of 3.24 before recovering recently to above 3.3, which is my average buy-in price. Many people in forums have expressed the opinions that ST Eng is richly valued in terms of P/E and P/B. I had see that the valuations are rich but dividend yield remains good. Given time, perhaps I'll see whether its dividend policy is sustainable and whether cash holdings is decreasing. 

Singpost also recovered its price dip to above 1.90. This can be attributed to annual dividends increasing to 7c from 6.25c previously. Also, it divested some of its traditional business for a profit and that might also had lead to price increase. There's some points I'd like to read up on Singpost given time and they are listed as follows: 

• Sustainability of dividend
• Debt obligations and dividends against earnings
• P/E and P/B valuations (Benjamin Graham had advocated sale of share when it reaches overvaluation state. Therefore, I want to see if Singpost is grossly overvalued and warrant a sale. It is unlikely though, as I regard Singpost as my crown jewel. I know falling in love with stock is no good..)
• Review growth of earnings (can be quite hard as Singpost recently changed its accounting practice)

Lastly, HPH Trust has been slowly dipping through the month of June while Bank of Ireland closed pretty high at the end of June amidst signs of Greece coming out of the talks with a solution. 

There was no dividend issued for the month of June. Hence, dividend received remains at $278.25


**Edit: Chart removed because I set it to update with latest information -- not accurate info

My Stock Holdings (May)

Many companies are reporting their financial results this month and this lead to some price fluctuations. In my portfolio, all had reported their results with the exception of Bank of Ireland. As of now, I have no intention to sell any stock in my holding based on the results. Hence barely any change in the composition of my holding.

Also, I'm scouting for good stock to add to the portfolio and will buy in when I return to Singapore from my exchange.

One of my criteria for buying a stock is that it must give out dividend. Singpost, ST Eng and HPH Trust gives out dividend in my portfolio. Bank of Ireland is an exception as I recognise that it is a high growth stock and does not necessarily need to give out dividend.

As of May 2015, I received a total dividend of $278.25

**Edit 1: Revised dividend amount to a lower value as I accidentally calculated dividends I haven't receive.

**Edit 2: Chart removed because I set it to update with latest information -- not accurate info

STI ETF Monthly Investment Plans in Singapore

It's been awhile since my last post. The reason being that I'm currently residing in Sweden for an overseas exchange programme and had been spending the time preparing for this exchange. The cost of living in Sweden is indeed high. A McChicken meal here costs 65 SEK, equivalent of nearly $12 in Singapore. And nope, the portion is the same. The huge expenditure that is going to come with this exchange got me thinking how to recoup the money back eventually. I can only depend on my fixed salary in the future to recoup this expenditure.


However, it is obviously known that the salary is going to be the same every month. How do you maximise this salary that is going to come in every month? INVEST! Like what Warren Buffett once said, "Pay Yourself First". Take out a portion of your salary each month and invest it in monthly investment plans that are provided by POEMS ShareBuilder Plan, OCBC Blue Chip Investment Plan (BCIP) and POSB Invest-Saver. These platforms allow you to invest as low as $100 each month at lower commissions. Once the GIRO instruction goes through, the designated amount will be deducted every month and invested into counters you chose at the start. I highly recommend that you choose one counter to invest in and that is the STI ETF counter. Without going too deep into the subject, STI ETF tracks the STI index and it has been shown that it is very hard to beat the index's return even for seasoned hedge fund managers. So instead of fretting which counters to invest in at the start, I am recommendeding just one: STI ETF



I did a comparison of the three low-cost investment plans and it is shown in the table below.

A few points to note here:

1)  Buying-in Commission

POSB appears to be the lowest cost amongst the three at 1% flat rate. Suppose you choose to invest $100 per month, the commission rate of POEMS itself will be 6%! If you are investing $600 per month, then go for POEMS. $500-$600, you might want to go for OCBC BCIP.

2) Dividend Reinvestment

To me, this dividend reinvestment differentiates POEMS Sharebuilder Plan from the other two. Any dividend from STI ETF will be reinvested the following month. On the other hand, OCBC and POSB only credit the dividend into your bank account. Those who are privy to the power of compounding interest will know that reinvesting dividend will "snowball" your gains over the longer time horizon. Therefore POEMS wins in this aspect.

3) Misc Costs (Dividend Charges, Sell Commission)

After praising POEMS to the sky in point, it's time to point out the elephant in the room. The so-called "hidden costs" in POEMS are pretty high. Any dividend issued by STI ETF will be subjected to a $1 charge. Not mentioned in the table, there are also charges for scrip dividends, corporate actions, insufficient amount for GIRO. Furthermore, the commission that comes with selling the shares accumulated is definitely a downer. From all this, I gather POEMS is trying to attract people that are willing to invest more per month such that all this costs become negligible.
Edit: Self-assisted selling using POEMS is possible at min $25

4) Underlying ETF

The underlying STI ETF that each platform buys differs. However, the difference is minute and should not concern us. For general info, SPDR has a lot size of 1000 shares while Nikko AM has lot size of 100 shares. Also SPDR charges a fund fee of 0.3% per year while Nikko AM charges 0.39%. Again, this only concerns the people running the three platforms.

5) Partial/Total Redemption

POEMS and OCBC allow partial redemption of the shares accumulated. POSB, on the other hand, only allows total redemption. This might be disadvantageous if you are in an urgent need of money. However, since I believe that once you sign up with these investment plans, you should be looking at the time frame of at least 5 years. Therefore this account should not be your piggybank when you want to go on a Europe trip or something. That said, if you happen to run out of money, you can opt to freeze the GIRO payment and continue earn dividends, rather than redeeming the shares for cash. 

EDIT (18/1/16): Partial redemption of STI ETF units is now possible for POSB.

Conclusion:

If you are investing upwards of $500, go with POEMS for the dividend reinvestment. However, if you are still uncomfortable with the numerous charges that POEMS carries, by all means go with OCBC BCIP. 

If anything between $100-$500, choose POSB because of the low commission cost. Also, if you are new to investing, POSB is good as it is more clear cut with the charges. 

As much as I would like to start this monthly investment plans right now, I'm a poor student that can only afford to invest $100 a month at most. However, I really like the automatic dividend reinvestment provided by POEMS Sharebuilder. Therefore, I'd prefer to start with the Sharebuilder plan when I draw a regular paycheck upon graduation.

Dividends: A Passive Income

Dividends are payment made by a company to its shareholders, usually out of its profits. Dividend policy varies from company to company. For example, some company do not pay dividends regularly. Others, like Singpost, pays dividends every quarter. Hutchison Port Trust pays bi-annually and Straco pays yearly.

People view dividends as an added bonus when they trade stocks. For an investor, dividends may be the make-or-break decision for buying the stock. This is because in the long run, dividends eventually becomes your passive income. One good example is Dividend Warrior, who regularly blogs about his dividend returns and income. In the latest 13 August 2014 post, he had accumulated $10,262 of dividends. These dividends are based on a capital of $222,560. That is my idol right there!

Usually when I tries to preach about the importance of investing for passive income, the usual response is that the capital is too low to start. However, I beg to differ. Everyone must start at some point and when better to start than now? For young investors, the most precious asset you own is TIME! Given that your capital returns an interest of 5% per annum and that you reinvest your interests, $1000 will become $2000 in 14.4 years. Make your money work as early as possible! In addition, SGX will cut lot size from 1000 shares to 100 shares by 19 January 2015. Currently, you can only buy stocks in blocks of 1000 shares, or 1 lot. By next year, you can purchase stocks in blocks of 100 shares. This means that blue chips like DBS or Keppel Corp will be more affordable to the public.

The gains to be made from investments are from either capital gains from rising share price or dividends. Although capital gains are usually gained in a shorter period of time and thus more satisfying, a smart investor will realise that dividends pay well in the long term. Everyone looks forward to retirement eventually and living expenses after retirement generally comes from CPF. But what if you manage to build a sizeable portfolio by the time you retire? Instead of putting your cash into a saving accounts which yields less than 1%, put it into dividend-yielding stocks like REITs and Trusts. These two types of stocks usually yield at least 5% dividend a year. In addition to CPF withdrawal, dividend payment can really add to the comfort of your retirement. For me, investment is really about building a portfolio that can eventually provide enough dividends for financial freedom/retirement. That should also be the objective that other have for investing.

As a result of my love for dividends, I had been slowly buying dividend stocks like Trusts and REITs the past 2 years. Below is my humble dividend records in the last two years of investing:

Do note that Dividend Yield reflects average yield of only dividend-bearing stocks while Portfolio Dividend Yield is the dividend yield based my enlarged portfolio capital.

I've highlighted the benefits of dividends in investing and also briefly covered how time is our most precious asset. Also, I've mentioned about two categories of stocks, REITs and Trusts, which bears comparatively higher dividend yield. Hopefully after this post, you might give investing a good thinking over and start your own investing journey!

Straco: Art of Pricing Stock Price

When looking for stocks to invest in, there should be a fixed tangible strategy in place. In that way, it is really  investing and not just a game of luck and chance (aka gambling). For me, I use the methodology set out in the book written by Mary Buffet (check out my reading list post). To scout for stocks, the company must have:
1) a competitive economic moat, and
2) a steadily increasing EPS.

Competitive economic moat refers to the high entry barrier that a certain business may possess. For example, setting up a bakery is easier than setting up a smartphone company. A bakery may need bakers, baking equipment, retail space and cashiers. A smartphone company needs the patents and technology, supply chains, distribution lines.. not to mention the manpower! Between these two types of companies, which do you think is easier to set up? Companies with high economic moat mean that their businesses are not easily threatened and margins may be higher. Choosing to invest in these companies ensures your investment has high level of security against business failure.

Mary Buffet also stated that Warren Buffet liked companies with increasing EPS over the years. The companies he mentioned in the book include Coca-Cola, Johnson & Johnson and Kraft Food. It signals the strength of management and business. Furthermore, the intrinsic value of stock can be calculated from the EPS growth.

In my case study, I'll use Straco priced on 18 Aug '13 as an example. The closing price was $0.775.
Straco (S85.SI) is listed on the Mainboard of Singapore Exchange. The company owns and manages a number of tourist attractions in China. These include Shanghai Ocean Aquarium, Underwater World Xiamen and cable car services at Xi'an. It had also ventured into entertainment business with startup of Straco Creation Private Limited.

The EPS of Straco over the years are as follows:

Year Earnings per share (cents) 2005 0.34 2006 0.39 2007 0.71 2008 0.89 2009 1.02 2010 2.15 2011 1.91 2012 2.31 2013 4.01

From the EPS, you can see that Straco has a steadily increasing EPS over the years, barring the drop between 2010 and 2012. This may be the sort of business you want to be interested in. Though Straco certainly isn't the sole player of tourism in China, it is the first few and enjoys the first-mover advantage. Furthermore, China is increasingly into domestic tourism which is positive for the company.

Once you determine that the business model and EPS growth is satisfactory, you can proceed on to estimate the intrinsic value of the company. The steps are shown below.

First Step (Finding CAGR):

Between 2005 and 2013, in which 8 years have elapsed, the EPS of the company has grown from 0.34 cents to 4.01 cents. Using a CAGR Calculator found here, find the CAGR of the EPS. 

Input the data accordingly:

Beginning value: 0.34 (starting EPS)

Ending value: 4.01 (ending EPS)

Number of periods: 8 years (years elapsed)

If done correctly, you will yield a CAGR of 36.13% per year. 

Second Step (Finding the Future EPS):

Once you have establish how fast the EPS is growing, you can estimate the EPS the company will earn in the future. First, you must determine the time frame for the stock investment. For me, I am more interested in the middle term time frame (~ 5 Years). 

With the time frame decided, proceed to calculate the future value of EPS with Future Value Calculator. 

Input the data accordingly:

Interest Rate Per Time Period: 36.13 (this value is the CAGR obtained earlier)

Number of Time Periods: 5 (your desired time frame here)

Present Value: 4.01 (latest EPS of the company)

If done correctly, you will yield a result of 18.75. This is the estimated EPS of the company in 5 years' time. 

Third Step (Establishing the Future Stock Price):

The EPS of the company is estimated to be 18.75 cents ($0.1875). Now, how do we translate this piece of information into stock price? That depends on the price-to-earning ratio (P/E) of the company in 5 years' time. Once again, we have to estimate the P/E of the company. You can do that by studying the historic values of the P/E ratio.  

Being more conservative, I set the model P/E at 8. Normally, P/E is between 10-20.

To get stock price, multiply the EPS with P/E. Therefore, Stock Price = $1.50

Fourth Step (Deal or No Deal?)

The current price of Straco is $0.775 while the predicted value is $1.50 in 5 years. This is an increase of 93% in 5 years. Also take note that the increase is not including dividends! 

Make sure to double check that the calculations have been accurate enough. Take note if there had been one-off gains in EPS and strip it off accordingly. 

When everything is done and the potential return proves to be tempting, the hardest part will be to press the buy button.

Brokerages in Singapore

There are a number of brokerages in Singapore. Off my mind, the brokerages include DBS Vickers, Standard Chartered, POEMS, CIMB, iOCBC and Lim & Tan Securities. Each brokerage has it's own pros and cons. Brokerage accounts from banks normally need you to open a savings/current account with them first. The usual factors to be considered are the commissions, ease of use, availability of mobile trading platform, overseas market access and usefulness of research reports.

Personally, I own three trading accounts under DBS Vickers, Standard Chartered and POEMS. The reasons for my trades will determine which account I'll use. For instance, I will use POEMS when I'm travelling because it's mobile platform is easiest to use. Standard Chartered does not have a mobile version and DBS Vickers requires security token for use (not very convenient). When I want to trade small lots, SCB will be used since it does not require a minimum commission. But because SCB holds custody* of the shares bought instead of depositing it into CDP, I will use DBS Vickers for mid-range commissions and for "owning my own stock"

*By holding custody of the stock, SCB acts as the "stock bank" instead of SGX's CDP. The stock is safe unless SCB collapses, which is unlikely given it's solid position. The difference is that AGM and voting rights need to sought from SCB.


 Below is the excel file I've compiled listing the brokerage services I know of. 

Also, this thread on hardwarezone is extremely useful for deciding on which brokerage account to open.
http://forums.hardwarezone.com.sg/stocks-shares-indices-92/how-open-stock-trading-account-singapore-updated-2012-a-3628498.html
They even tell you what to say to the staff for account opening! Wish I had seen this when I was deciding myself too.

Hope this post has given you some info on which brokerage to use. Peace out~~!

Basics of Buying Stocks No One Talks About

Hopefully after reading some of the books I recommended, you will have a better understanding of investments in stocks. While you may acquire some strategies to spot undervalued companies or sort out your investment objectives, you will realise that you still do not know how to buy/sell a stock. Most investment books do not provide "manuals" on how to buy/sell stocks and you will be overwhelmed when you actually open a trading account. Hence, I aim to bridge this knowledge gap. In addition, I will also touch on some confusing trading jargon I faced during initial stages of investing
.

Stock Quote

In a typical stock quote, you will find the following components: Last Done, Change, Buy Vol, Buy, Sell, Sell Vol, Vol. 

Last Done: When you buy a stock, you are buying it from a seller. Hence when a buyer's price matches a seller's price or vice versa, there will be a transfer of ownership (from seller to buyer). Last Done is just the price at which the latest transfer of stock took place at.

Change: It refers to the current price change from the prior day's closing price

Buy: Price where buyers want to buy the stock at

Buy Vol (Volume): The amount (volume) of stock that is queueing at the Buy Price

Sell: Price where sellers want to sell the stock at

Sell Vol:  The volume of stock queueing at the Sell Price

Vol: Volume Done up till the current point

Lot/Share?

1 lot = 1000 shares. In Singapore, stocks are generally traded in lots

Stock/Shares/Equity?

These three terms are often used synonymously. They represent the ownership of the company in question.

  

Trading/Investing?

In certain context, they can be used interchangeably. In others, they are as different as day and night. For example, if you want to tell a friend that you've started to gain interest in buying stocks. You can either say "I'm interested in trading stocks/investing in stocks". 

However, in investment contexts, there is a clear line between trading and investing. Trading is regarded as short term buying and selling of stocks in hope for quick capital gains. The time horizon for trading typically range from seconds to weeks. Trading is mostly focused on capitalising market movement of stock prices. 

Investing, on the other hand, focuses on the fundamental of companies. Objective is to ride on the potential growth of companies, leading to higher share price (see how I'm using stock and share interchangeably). Time frame ranges from months to years.   

Relationship between Brokerage Houses & SGX

Brokerage houses are companies that provide the service to buy and sell stocks on the local exchange, Singapore Exchange (SGX). SGX is just like a marketplace where brokerage houses are stallowners that barter stocks instead of meat.   

When you open a trading account at any local brokerages, they will also open a Central Depository (CDP) account with SGX to deposit any stocks you buy. Therefore, SGX also acts like a stock bank.

You may open a trading account at any of these brokerages: DBS Vickers, CIMB, Phillip Securities, Lim & Tan, UOBKH, Standard Chartered, iOCBC

For the full list of brokerages, go to http://forums.hardwarezone.com.sg/stocks-shares-indices-92/list-brokage-firms-available-singapore-589227.html for more information.


Hopefully, I have answered some of the common beginners' question here. I understand that one may have too many questions when starting out in investing, hence you can always drop a comment. I'll update this post whenever there is a question asked (which I highly doubt so since it's so obscure!)
Peace out~!

Reading List for New Investors

I started my investing journey solely by reading a few select books recommended by people on the Internet. I would use to read them during rest time or the long waiting in the firing range. Army mates used to ridicule me for reading investment books instead of playing PSP or cards. Some gave snide remarks like, "You have the money to invest meh?". Looking back, those are time well spent!

Below is the list of books I've read and I will also TRY to recall some of the key concepts covered in each book and the usefulness of it. Please pardon if it is somewhat erroneous because these are books I read between 1 - 3 years ago! 

A Random Walk Down Wall Street: The Time Tested Strategy for Successful Investing by Burton G. Malkiel
This lengthy-titled book gives readers a general guide to navigating the financial market. For instance, he advises that investors use four basic determinants to help estimate proper values of companies.

1. Expected rate of growth. Larger growth rate of earnings and dividends, higher the price.
2. Expected dividend payout. Higher percentage of dividend payout, higher the price. However, other factors are not considered. Poor prospect company may pay good dividend while expanding company may hold back dividend like Apple. 
3. Degree of risk. Naturally, higher risk, lower price.
4. Level of market interest rate. Lower interest rates, increase in stock price expected. 

In addition, the author recognises that an average investor will find it hard to beat the market. Hence he has a few recommendations for us. These include saving to invest, buying your own house, understanding your own investment objectives before investing

The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham
Benjamin Graham is one of the "founding fathers" of value investing. Warren Buffet, himself, was mentored by Graham. While the book does not impart techniques to specifically select stocks, it discusses a wide range of topics. Eg. Investment vs Speculation, Portfolio Allocation, Dividend Policy.
The book provides an excellent foundation for beginners to learn investing; the principles of investing. Personally the book had convinced me to go for investing compared to trading. Though many use these terms synonymously, there is a big difference between these two which I will discuss some other day.

The Warren Buffet Stock Portfolio: Warren Buffet Stock Picks: Why and When by Mary Buffet, David Clark
This was the latest book I had read during the free time in reservist. In this book, we are introduced to how Warren Buffet chooses companies to invest in. Basic concept is to have the company possess a reasonable economic moat and increasing EPS (earnings per share).
Using the increment EPS, the book further teaches us how to project the stock's future price and see whether it's "potential" gain might warrant a buy now.
Ever since reading this book, I had only exclusively used this method to value a stock. I would say the method was fairly accurate because the screening of economic moat and increasing EPS had already ensure that the company is very strong.


Winning the Loser's Game by Charles D. Ellis
Along the same line as the above-mentioned  books, Charles aims to tell readers how to behave rationally in the stock market. Also, how to balance their portfolio of companies. The mix is determined partly your purpose of investing purposes (for growth, passive income or inflation?). He also advises investor to diversify within each asset class and between asset class.
This book covers what in already in Benjamin Graham's and Burton's books. So if you are not keen in reading, you can skip this book for the other two.


Books are the first step towards the world of investing and it is imperative that one read at least one or two books. This ensures that the person knows what is his investment objectives and can work gradually towards them.

First Post

This is the official first post of this investment-related blog. Because I have not done blogging for a few years now, I'm not well-versed in the mechanics of blogging. So I'll introduce my profile here in first post instead and also state my intention of starting this blog.

Profile

I am a 23 years old student currently studying Chemical Engineering at National University of Singapore. I first picked up investment knowledge during the lull periods of my army days. My first purchased stock goes back to 8 November 2011. This translates to me heading into the third year of my investment journey!

My interest in stocks are primarily due to my relatives and parents who trade stocks for capital gains and also to stave off their gambling needs. My investment influences come from successful individuals like Benjamin Graham and Warren Buffet. As you can infer, I am more of a investor rather than a trader. Consequently, I will touch on fundamental aspects of companies. 

Purpose

-  To help my peers who are not well versed in investing.  
A number of my female friends have already started on their careers. However, when quizzed about their savings or thoughts on investing, I was surprised to learn that they have no such plans. While I promised to teach them, I have no much spare time to individually introduce them to the world of investments. Hence this blog

- To share and receive good investment ideas
Like many other investment blogs floating around in the internet, I strive to share ideas about undervalued stocks and also receive feedbacks. This will aid me in my journey to gaining more insights in the stock market. Furthermore, I am currently at a crossroad between pursuing a engineering career or an investment career. I hope to meet people from these two industries who can provide valuable advice!

- Archival purposes
Anything written by me here is as it is. Years down the road, this blog will serve as a record when I look back at my investment decisions.


So, this is the end of my first post and I hope that it gives some foreshadowing for what is to come later. The next post shall be about the types of books I've read as a beginner and recommend to newbie investors. In addition, I will give reviews of the brokerages I am using and let newcomers decide which one to use.